Quick troubleshooting of some common faults of crusher
Pulverizer is one of the main equipment for making feed in feed factory. Through pulverization, the large total surface area of raw material particles per unit mass can be increased, the solubility of feed nutrients in animal digestive juice can be increased, and the digestibility of animals can be improved. Therefore, it is particularly important for maintenance and operation personnel to learn to analyze and deal with common faults of the pulverizer system, eliminate them in a short time, and resume production as soon as possible.
1、 Vibration of the whole pulverizer
Generally, the motor is directly connected to the pulverizing device, which is simple and easy to maintain. However, if the two cannot be well connected during the assembly process, the overall vibration of the grinder will be caused.
(1) The motor rotor is not concentric with the grinder rotor. The position of the motor can be moved left and right, or a pad can be added under the foot of the motor to adjust the concentricity of the two rotors.
(2) The grinder rotor is not concentric. The reason is that the two bearing surfaces of the support palm rotor shaft are not in the same plane. Copper sheet can be padded on the bottom surface of the supporting bearing seat, or an adjustable wedge iron can be added at the bottom of the bearing to ensure that the two shaft heads are concentric.
(3) The vibration of the crushing chamber is large. The reason is that the coupling is not concentric with the rotor or the quality of the flat hammer inside the rotor is not uniform. According to different types of couplings, corresponding methods can be taken to complete the connection between the coupling and the motor: when the quality of the hammer pieces is uneven, each group of hammer pieces must be re selected to make the symmetrical hammer pieces, so that the error of the symmetrical hammer pieces is less than 5g.
(4) The original balance is broken. After the motor is repaired, dynamic balance test shall be conducted to ensure the overall balance.
(5) The foundation bolts of the pulverizer system are loose or the foundation is not firm. During installation or maintenance, the foundation bolts should be tightened evenly. A shock absorber should be installed between the foundation and the pulverizer to reduce vibration.
(6) The hammer piece is broken or there are hard sundries in the crushing room. All of these will cause unbalance of rotor rotation and cause vibration of the whole machine. Therefore, regular inspection shall be carried out for the hammer pieces with severe wear. When replacing, replace symmetrically; In case of abnormal sound during the operation of the pulverizer, stop the machine immediately for inspection, find out the cause and deal with it in time.
(7) The connection between the pulverizer system and other equipment is inconsistent. For example, improper connection of feed pipe and discharge pipe will cause vibration and noise. Therefore, these connecting parts should not be hard connected but soft connected.
2、 Bearing Overheating
Bearing is one of the most important parts of the crusher, and its performance directly affects the normal operation and production efficiency of the equipment. During the operation of the equipment, the user should pay special attention to the temperature rise of the bearing and the noise of the bearing part, and deal with the abnormality as soon as possible.
(1) The two bearing pedestals are uneven, or the motor rotor and the grinder rotor are not concentric, which will cause the shaft to bear the impact of additional load, thus causing the bearing to overheat. In this case, stop the machine immediately to eliminate the fault, so as to avoid early damage of the bearing.
(2) Too much, too little or aging lubricating oil in the bearing is also the main cause of overheating and damage of the bearing. Therefore, it is necessary to fill lubricating oil on time and quantitatively according to the requirements of the operation manual. Generally, lubrication accounts for 60% - 70% of the bearing space. Too much or too little is not conducive to bearing lubrication and heat transfer. The bearing extends its service life.
(3) The bearing cover and bearing are too tightly fitted, and the bearing and shaft are too tightly or loosely fitted, which will lead to overheating of the bearing. Once this kind of problem occurs, friction sounds and obvious swings will occur during the operation of the equipment. Stop the machine and remove the bearing. Trim the friction parts, and then reassemble as required
3、 Problem of screen blockage in the crusher
Screen blockage of the crusher is one of the common failures in the use of the crusher. There may be problems in the design of the screen plate, but it is more caused by improper use and operation.
(1) The feeding speed is too fast and the load increases, resulting in screen blocking. During the feeding process, pay attention to the large deflection angle of the ammeter pointer at any time. If it exceeds the rated current, it indicates that the motor is overloaded. If it is overloaded for a long time, it will burn the motor. In this case, reduce or close the feeding door immediately, or change the feeding mode to control the feeding amount by reducing the feeder. There are two types of feeders, manual and automatic. The user should select the appropriate feeder according to the actual situation. Due to the high rotation speed, large load and strong load fluctuation of the crusher. Therefore, the current of the grinder during operation is generally controlled at about 85% of the rated current.
(2) The negative pressure in the crushing chamber is not enough, which leads to the poor discharge of the powder in the crushing chamber when passing through the sieve plate or the poor discharge of the air mesh pipe, resulting in the blockage of the screen of the crusher. There are many reasons for screen blocking due to problems of the air network system, such as the design diameter of the discharge air duct is too large or too small, the air duct elbow is too many and the resistance is large, the pulse is not blocked and airtight, the jet pressure of the pulse nozzle is too low, the fan selection part is reasonable, the air network pipe is too long, the air network pipe leaks, etc. the reasons should be eliminated one by one for rectification and adjustment, and daily maintenance work such as regular inspection, cleaning or replacement of the pulse bag should be done, Ensure the normal operation of the crusher.
(3) The hammer is broken and worn, the screen hole is closed and broken, and the water content of the crushed materials is too high, which will block the crusher. The broken and seriously aged hammer pieces shall be regularly updated to keep the crusher in good working condition, and the screen shall be regularly inspected. The moisture content of the crushed materials shall be less than 14%, which can not only improve the production efficiency, but also prevent the crusher from blocking and enhance the reliability of the crusher.
4、 Daily repair and maintenance
1. During the production process, the temperature rise of the bearing shall be checked frequently. When the temperature rise exceeds 50 ℃, the machine shall be shut down for inspection to find out the cause and remove the fault.
2. When the new machine is running, the drive belt is easy to elongate. Pay attention to adjusting the appropriate tightness of the belt to ensure the working life of the belt.
3. Vulnerable parts shall be inspected frequently and replaced in time to ensure production quality and production capacity.
4. Check the wear of the blade and lining ring frequently. If the productivity drops and the grain size becomes coarse after wear, replace it immediately.
5. The main engine and the graded flow bearing are lubricated with grease, using No. 2 special grease with a degree of 265-295.
6. The grease change period of the bearing is 2000 hours, and the filling amount of grease is 1 / 2 (upper measurement) or 3 / 4 (lower measurement) of the space in the bearing cavity. Do not fill too much grease, otherwise the bearing temperature will be too high.
7. The grease change period of the screw feeder is 4000 hours, and ordinary calcium base grease is added.
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